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The South in the era of globalization |
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Wednesday, 04 June 2008 |
Urban agriculture is not a new solution to the problem of food insecurity and, today, millions of people produce and distribute food through social networks complex. This document examines key issues affecting urban agriculture and the need to address the management, particularly with regard to land use, environmental impacts and municipal policies, as all cities do not approve this activity. In 90 years, international development agencies and bilateral agencies have launched joint initiatives that have resulted in the formation of the Support Group for Urban Agriculture, the body that sets priorities for research, training and information. The solutions of the future must include strategies for self-sufficiency and recognize the role of urban agriculture in intensive food production and efficient at the local level, reuse of waste and women's participation.
Food security in urban centers in sub-Saharan Africa
Africa's cities are grappling with serious problems, including an alarming increase in poverty rates. The urban poor spend a large proportion of their income to purchase food, so to a large extent, food insecurity and poverty go hand in hand. However, problems related to food insecurity in urban areas, particularly in light of the poor's access to sufficient food, are rarely recognized in circles and contemporary political debates. This document explains why the issue of food security in urban areas is "disappeared" political programmers, stressing that this concept means traditionally supply a city in foodstuffs. However, recently, the problem lies in the difficulty of access to a sufficient quantity of food caused by the rapid growth of urban poverty, and the fact that the urban poor have relatively little influence on the political scene. The document suggests a series of questions that should guide policy research and to adopt measures to alleviate food insecurity in urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa.
AGRICULTURE URBAN AND COMMUNITY
This document addresses the different components of urban agriculture in Lusaka, Zambia. The two main agricultural activities, gardening during the dry season and production of staple foods during the rainy season, depend in large part on access to resources as
water and land. It was found that the activities of the dry season are not performed by the most vulnerable families, but by those who have the best access to resources necessary for these activities. Such access is the lowest in parks housing densely inhabited by people with low income Lusaka. There are marked differences between the role of women and men in domestic food systems in urban areas. Thus, women are the main players in UA, but they are disadvantaged in terms of sources of income and access to resources and markets. Agricultural activities of women differ from those of men. Thus, emphasis is placed on the culture of indigenous vegetables and harvesting, these two activities play an important role in food and is mainly the fact women.
ACCESSIBILITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD IN URBAN
The food bank Daily Bread Food Bank (DBFB) was born in Toronto in the early 80's in a context of high unemployment. It was created to provide emergency food aid to people in need. The founders of the organization argued that the DBFB would be temporary. Since then, however, demand for emergency food aid has risen markedly, mainly because of endemic unemployment and the reduction of welfare benefits. In other words, the food insecurity of low-income families in Toronto has worsened. In retrospect, the situation of food filing more or less the traditional DBFB has undermined its temporary nature. Despite their importance, deposits traditional food contributes little to find reasonable alternatives to the current problems. Therefore, the past two years, DBFB has been transformed into a body fight against hunger, without abandoning or sacrifice its commitment to provide emergency food aid. Food banks must organize their resources to be able to focus more on research, education, defense of government policies and community mobilization. They have a role to play in the fight against food insecurity provided to transcend their function as a food depot. Effect of funnel in the informal network of food distribution in Harare
Workers in the informal sector are often food insecurity because their jobs are not legally protected by the state. In the context of the bottlenecks that characterize the parallel movement of food Harare, food insecurity affects city dwellers who work in the parallel system of food distribution or living in the poorest neighborhoods of the city. This document highlights the differences between the attitudes of policy makers and people who are affected by their decisions by examining: 1) the poverty of consumers, and 2) barriers to their networks of entrepreneurs. The sex, social class and race lines are the pivot around which the perpetual differences between policy makers, those who implement the decisions (which promote official activities, generating tax revenue) and those who are affected by these decisions, and these axes affect how carriers, food retailers and consumers decide to move through the labyrinth of power. The document suggests that the state should recognize the contribution of the parallel system of food distribution to food security in the city. A strategic dialogue seeking to ensure the satisfaction of basic food needs of these people would protect local structures that were created by and for people. This dialogue could include formalizing and, therefore, protection, speakers of the parallel system of food distribution, including interexchange carriers, protecting the coup a large proportion of the poor of the city against the immediate food insecurity. |
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